-- Extract all twin primes from the infinite list of prime numbers with pattern matching!
def twinPrimes :=
matchAll primes as list integer with
| _ ++ $p :: #(p + 2) :: _ -> (p, p + 2)
-- Enumerate first 10 twin primes.
take 10 twinPrimes
-- => [(3, 5), (5, 7), (11, 13), (17, 19), (29, 31), (41, 43), (59, 61), (71, 73), (101, 103), (107, 109)]
Egison proposes a new paradigm pattern-match-oriented. The combination of all of the following features enables intuitive powerful pattern matching.
Egison is a programming language with the strong expressive power of pattern-matching.
With Egison, we can express pattern-matching against a wide range of data types including multisets and sets.
For example, we can use pattern-matching to express poker hands, mahjong, and enumeration of twin primes.
Pattern-matching of Egison is realized with backtracking as Prolog.
The difference is that Egison realizes these strong expression in pattern-matching.
The pattern-matching itself of Prolog is similar with ordinal pattern-matching of the other functional languages.
Poker Hands
def suit := algebraicDataMatcher
| spade
| heart
| club
| diamond
def card := algebraicDataMatcher
| card suit (mod 13)
def poker cs :=
match cs as multiset card with
| [card $s $n, card #s #(n-1), card #s #(n-2), card #s #(n-3), card #s #(n-4)]
-> "Straight flush"
| [card _ $n, card _ #n, card _ #n, card _ #n, _]
-> "Four of a kind"
| [card _ $m, card _ #m, card _ #m, card _ $n, card _ #n]
-> "Full house"
| [card $s _, card #s _, card #s _, card #s _, card #s _]
-> "Flush"
| [card _ $n, card _ #(n-1), card _ #(n-2), card _ #(n-3), card _ #(n-4)]
-> "Straight"
| [card _ $n, card _ #n, card _ #n, _, _]
-> "Three of a kind"
| [card _ $m, card _ #m, card _ $n, card _ #n, _]
-> "Two pair"
| [card _ $n, card _ #n, _, _, _]
-> "One pair"
| [_, _, _, _, _] -> "Nothing"
assertEqual "poker hand 1"
(poker [Card Spade 5, Card Spade 6, Card Spade 7, Card Spade 8, Card Spade 9])
"Straight flush"
assertEqual "poker hand 2"
(poker [Card Spade 5, Card Diamond 5, Card Spade 7, Card Club 5, Card Heart 5])
"Four of a kind"
assertEqual "poker hand 3"
(poker [Card Spade 5, Card Diamond 5, Card Spade 7, Card Club 5, Card Heart 7])
"Full house"
assertEqual "poker hand 4"
(poker [Card Spade 5, Card Spade 6, Card Spade 7, Card Spade 13, Card Spade 9])
"Flush"
assertEqual "poker hand 5"
(poker [Card Spade 5, Card Club 6, Card Spade 7, Card Spade 8, Card Spade 9])
"Straight"
assertEqual "poker hand 6"
(poker [Card Spade 5, Card Diamond 5, Card Spade 7, Card Club 5, Card Heart 8])
"Three of a kind"
assertEqual "poker hand 7"
(poker [Card Spade 5, Card Diamond 10, Card Spade 7, Card Club 5, Card Heart 10])
"Two pair"
assertEqual "poker hand 8"
(poker [Card Spade 5, Card Diamond 10, Card Spade 7, Card Club 5, Card Heart 8])
"One pair"
assertEqual "poker hand 9"
(poker [Card Spade 5, Card Spade 6, Card Spade 7, Card Spade 8, Card Diamond 11])
"Nothing"
Last modified 05 February 2024